Search results for "Chloroacetic acid"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
IGF-I, IgA, and IgG responses to bovine colostrum supplementation during training.
2002
This study examined the effect of bovine colostrum (Dynamic colostrum) supplementation on blood and saliva variables ( study 1) and the absorption of orally administered human recombinant insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I (rhIGF-I) labeled with 123I (123I-rhIGF-I) ( study 2). In study 1, adult male and female athletes were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to either an experimental (Dynamic; n = 19) or a control (Placebo; n = 11) group. The former consumed daily 20 g of Dynamic supplement, and the latter 20 g of maltodextrin during a 2-wk training period. After bovine colostrum supplementation, significant increases were noticed in serum IGF-I ( P < 0.01) and saliva IgA ( P &…
ELECTROCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF DICHLOROACETIC ACID TO CHLOROACETIC ACID IN A MICROFLUIDIC STACK AND IN A SERIES OF MICROFLUIDIC REACTORS
2015
The electrochemical conversion of dichloroacetic acid to chloracetic acid was performed in three different micro devices: a simple micro fluidic cell; a microfluidic stack equipped with various electrode chambers in series and three micro fluidic cells in series. The electrochemical synthesis of chloracetic acid was performed successfully with high yields and selectivity under a single-pass mode without supporting electrolyte at low cell voltages. An increase of the productivity and of the final concentration of the target product was achieved by using a stack with two or three electrode chambers in series. The utilization of three micro reactors in series open interesting new perspectives,…
Chlorinated acetic and propionic acids in pine needles from industrial areas
1998
Abstract Concentrations of chlorinated acetic and propionic acids in pine needles from the surroundings of a pulp and paper mill and a metal reclamation plant were measured. Different ways of extraction and chromatographic separation were tried. Ultrasonic extraction with water of the powdered needles was found to be efficient. The acids were analysed as their pentafluorobenzyl esters with GC-ECD. The ECD sensitivity of the pentafluorobenzyl derivatives was good. The detection limit was below 1 ng/g for the chlorinated acetic and propionic acids. The concentrations of dichloroacetic acid and 2,2-dichloropropionic acid in fresh needles were on the 0–4 ng/g level. Monochloroacetic acid, 2-chl…
Comparative electrochemical treatments of two chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Time course of the main reaction by-products.
2011
The chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons conjugate toxicity with high chemical stability, bioaccumulation and long-range diffusivity. Chloroethanes are particularly ubiquitous in the industry and in household products, and their entry to the environment may entail potential risks for the living beings. At present, the US Environmental Protection Agency is carrying out the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP), where 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCA) are considered as priorities for their potential effects on the endocrine system. DCA is also found in the list of priority substances drawn up by the European Commission. To avoid the release of chloroethanes int…
Electrochemical treatment of wastewater contaminated by organics and containing chlorides: Effect of operative parameters on the abatement of organic…
2022
Abstract In the last years, large attention has been devoted to the electrochemical treatment of wastewater polluted by recalcitrant organics and containing chlorides. However, the utilization on an applicative scale of this route is limited by the fact that usually it is not possible to achieve high removals of organics without the generation of significant amounts of chlorinated by-products. Here, the role of several operative parameters on the performances of the process was systematically evaluated using phenol as a model organic pollutant. It was shown that the removal of phenol and TOC and the generation of many by-products including chlorophenols, chloroacetic acids, chlorate and per…
Electrochemical processes in macro and microfluidic cells for the abatement of chloroacetic acid from water
2014
Abstract The remediation of solutions contaminated with monochloroacetic acid (CAA), which is one of the most resistant haloacetic acids (HAAs) to chemical degradation, dramatically depends on the adopted electrochemical approach: (i) CAA is only poorly oxidized either by homogeneous hydroxyl radical in electro-Fenton (EF), electrogenerated active chlorine or electro-oxidation on Pt anode; (ii) it is moderately abated by direct reduction on silver or compact graphite cathodes (from 30% in macro cells to 60% in the microfluidic devices); (iii) it is quantitatively removed by direct electro-oxidation on a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. The use of a microreactor enables operation in the abse…
Self-assembly by co-ordination and strong hydrogen bonding. X-ray crystal structures of a dimeric trisodium complex of a new acidic complexing ligand…
1993
Abstract The new acidic complexing ligand triethanolamine-O,O,O-triacetic acid, 3, is synthesized by reaction of triethanolamine with chloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide. The resulting Na complex, 4, and its dihydrate, 5, contain two ligand molecules, both with one Na+ ion interaction and both co-ordinated to a third, central, Na+ ion. In addition the acidic ligands are hydrogen bonded to each other, like carboxylic acids, and in 4, by three crystallographically symmetric hydrogen bonds, while in 5, due to the breakdown of symmetry, two normal and one crystallographically symmetrical hydrogen bond. Inside this extraordinary dimeric assembly (a pseudo-cryptate) are the …
The development and validation of a rapid method for the determination of antimicrobial agent residues in milk and meat using ultra performance liqui…
2014
Abstract A new multi-class method has been developed for the identification and quantification of the residues of 26 antibiotics from different classes (sulfonamides, macrolides, tetracyclines, penicillins, and quinolones) in milk and meat by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole – high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC–qOrbitrap). The sample preparation included extraction of two analytical portions with acetonitrile and 5% trichloroacetic acid, respectively, followed by centrifugation and filtration. The method was validated over three days at 50% of MRL (maximum residue limit) set in the European Union. Experiments on spiked meat and milk samples …
Translocation versus cyclisation in radicals derived from N-3-alkenyl trichloroacetamides
2011
Under radical reaction conditions, two different and competitive reaction pathways were observed for N-(alpha-methylbenzyl)trichloroacetamides with a N-3-cyclohexenyl substituent: 1,4-hydrogen translocation and radical addition to a double bond. However, for radicals with an acyclic alkenyl side chain, the direct cyclisation process was exclusively observed. The dichotomy between translocation and direct radical cyclisation in these substrates has been theoretically studied using density functional theory (DFT) methods at the B3LYP/6-31G** computational level.
Die Beziehung zwischen der Guanethidin-Konzentration im Rattenherzen und dem Noradrenalingehalt
1962
Guanethidine was intravenously injected into rats and was subsequently determined in the hearts by extracting the tissue with trichloroacetic acid, purifying the extracts on cation exchange columns and by paper chromatography, and coupling the guanethidine with ninhydrin in alkaline solution before fluorimetric estimation. The concentration in the heart reached a maximum of 9 μg/g within 15 min of injecting 15 mg/kg, and was still 6.2 and 5.7 μg/g after 1 and 3 hours, respectively. Guanethidine caused a decrease of the heart noradrenaline concentration, measured fluorimetrically, by 56% in 3 hours and by 93% in 14 hours. The adrenaline concentration was likewise decreased. A metabolite with…